abstract：:Constitutive expression of interferons (IFNs) and activation of their signaling pathways have pivotal roles in host responses to malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment. IFNs are induced by the innate immune system and in tumors through stimulation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and through other signaling pathwa...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Cheon H,Borden EC,Stark GR

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite cures in early stage (IA-IIB) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the 5-year survival rate is only 36%-73%. Surgical resection via lobectomy is the treatment of choice in early-stage NSCLC, with the goal being complete anatomic resection of the tumor and mediastinal lymph node evaluation. Newer technologies, i...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Padda SK,Burt BM,Trakul N,Wakelee HA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its approval in 2011 for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM), physicians have responded positively to the non-invasive nature of the NovoTTF-100A System device (NovoCure Ltd, Haifa, Israel), citing significantly less toxicity and a better quality of life profile compared to available conventional therapie...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Butowski N,Wong ET,Mehta MP,Wilson LK

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eighteen percent of incident malignancies in the United States are a second (or subsequent) cancer. Second primary neoplasms (SPNs), particularly solid tumors, are a major cause of mortality and serious morbidity among cancer survivors successfully cured of their first cancer. Multiple etiologies may lead to a cancer ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Oeffinger KC,Baxi SS,Novetsky Friedman D,Moskowitz CS

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease for which several new treatments are available. Much has been learned about its biology over the past 15 years. We now understand that there are various subtypes of the disease, each one associated with different outcomes and clinical pathological features. While a deta...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Fonseca R,Monge J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequencing of targeted therapy is well established in metastatic renal cancer. Switching between different vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapies or VEGF-targeted therapies and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are both of proven benefit. The optimal sequence remains unclear. Un...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Escudier B,Gore M

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:First-line therapy for men with metastatic or recurrent prostate cancer following definitive local therapy is medical or surgical castration. Though effective initially in most patients, the majority of tumors develop castration resistance, necessitating the addition of further therapy. The historic treatment paradigm...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Hoffman-Censits J,Fu M

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular toxicity is one of the most feared complications of cancer treatment. Recent advances in oncologic therapies have resulted in improved cancer outcomes but also a new set of cardiovascular adverse effects. Common toxicities include left ventricular dysfunction/heart failure, hypertension, and myocardial ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Davis M,Witteles RM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much recent debate has focused on the optimal classification of epithelial neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Multiple different systems of terminology, grading, and staging have been proposed, and some systems combine elements of grade and stage into a single prognostic classification. Recently, national and international...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Klimstra DS

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and solid organ transplantation require development of a degree of immune tolerance against allogeneic antigens. T lymphocytes play a critical role in allograft rejection, graft failure, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). T-cell tolerance occurs b...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Alpdogan O,van den Brink MR

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this review is to demonstrate a successful use of preclinical models of bladder cancer to confirm the therapeutic potential of new promising drug candidates. The bladder has long been thought to be an ideal target for investigating therapies. When developing a new antineoplastic pharmaceutical agent, th...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Amit D,Gofrit ON,Matouk I,Birman T,Hochberg A

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common cancers worldwide, usually develops in a liver already suffering from chronic damages, often cirrhosis. There has been marked progress in the treatment of HCC. However, effective treatments are limited to patients with less advanced HCC. The detection of HCC at an...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Masuzaki R,Karp SJ,Omata M

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer vaccines have shown success in curing tumors in preclinical models. Accumulating evidence also supports their ability to induce immune responses in patients. In many cases, these responses correlate with improved clinical outcomes. However, cancer vaccines have not yet demonstrated their true potential in clini...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Keenan BP,Jaffee EM

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent changes to the staging of melanoma, coupled with advances in surgical and medical treatment, have resulted in new methods for diagnostic evaluation and reporting of melanocytic lesions by pathologists. This review provides an update on recent changes in evaluation and reporting of primary melanoma, evaluation o...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Mathew R,Messina JL

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional cytogenetic studies have shown that the clinical and biological diversity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be attributed, in part, to distinct chromosome aberrations, several of which are now routinely used for diagnosis, risk stratification, and outcome prediction. Although chromosome banding analysis...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Bullinger L,Fröhling S

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aiding our understanding of cancer biology, and are now coming close to therapeutic use as well. Here, we focus specifically on the interaction between miRNAs and genomic instability. MiRNA regulation is essential to many cellular processes, and escape from this regulatory network seems to be a ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Landau DA,Slack FJ

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) continue to be the most widely prescribed class of medications for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), despite the advent of disease-modifying therapies for MDS (eg, azacitidine, decitabine, and lenalidomide) and the current absence of an MDS-specific US Food and Drug Adm...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Steensma DP

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide variety of cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcoma, and significant progress has been made in the past decade toward identifying potential therapeutic targets. However, apart from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and dermatofibrosarcoma protube...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Riedel RF

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Approximately one third of patients diagnosed with early-stage colon cancer will present with lymph node involvement (stage III) and about one quarter with transmural bowel wall invasion but negative lymph nodes (stage II). Adjuvant chemotherapy targets micrometastatic disease to improve disease-free (DFS) and overall...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Dotan E,Cohen SJ

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cytotoxic therapies are available for patients with metastatic breast cancer, but response rates are low and acquired or de novo resistance is virtually universal. Among the agents that are used in the treatment of pretreated metastatic breast cancer are vinorelbine, gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, pemetrexed, plati...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Cobleigh MA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper is designed to provide an introduction to music therapy in the continuum of cancer care. The value and use of music therapy during diagnosis and treatment, palliation, hospice, actively dying, and bereavement have been well documented. The music therapy process will be identified, research will be shared, a...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Gallagher LM

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally, medical oncology has focused on the active period of diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of cancer patients, and palliative medicine, the pre-terminal and end-of-life phases. Palliative medicine physicians have particular expertise in communication and symptom control, especially, for example, with pain ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Storey DJ,Fallon MT,Smyth JF

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myeloid neoplasms are characterized by acquired somatic mutations and epigenetic alterations in genes that are crucial for hematopoietic differentiation and cellular proliferation and survival pathways. The heterogeneity and genetic complexity of these disorders is daunting, but the improvement in our knowledge of the...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Odenike O,Thirman MJ,Artz AS,Godley LA,Larson RA,Stock W

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mainstay of screening for breast cancer is the mammogram. There are several randomized control trials that demonstrate a significant decrease in breast cancer mortality when compared to women without screening mammography included in their care. Digital mammography has improved detection in the dense breast. With ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： D'Orsi CJ,Newell MS

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare, challenging disease with a broad range of clinical presentations. Often presenting in an advanced stage with a large, locally invasive primary tumor or with Cushing's syndrome, it requires a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. We discuss controversies in the evaluation and m...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Balasubramaniam S,Fojo T

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thus far the development of adjuvant therapies in melanoma has suffered greatly from the lack of effective drugs in stage IV melanoma. Chemotherapy, cytokines, vaccines, and combinations of drugs have been used with minimal success. This has led to adjuvant therapies that are not used uniformly or widely because of th...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Eggermont AM,Testori A,Maio M,Robert C

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in technology have accelerated the translation of genetics and genomics into the arena of cancer prevention. This provides unique opportunities to individualize cancer risk prediction so early intervention can either modify risk or allow for early diagnosis thereby potentially decreasing the morbidity and mor...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Calzone K,Wattendorf D,Dunn BK

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we briefly summarize some of the key developments in nutritional epidemiology and cancer over the past two decades with a focus on the strengths and limitations of study designs and dietary assessment methods. We present the evidence on dietary fat, meat, fiber, antioxidant nutrients, and calcium in re...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Gibson TM,Ferrucci LM,Tangrea JA,Schatzkin A

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prostate cancer (PC) is the most prevalent malignancy in men, with 604,506 new cases diagnosed yearly worldwide. Maintaining bone health is important during all stages of PC, including patients who experience bone loss from androgen-deprivation therapy and patients who develop bone metastases. Patients with bone metas...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Saad F,Eastham J

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intra-arterial (IA) therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are considered palliative and should be offered to patients with intermediate-stage multinodular disease and with sufficient liver reserve. They include transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or bland embolization, transarterial chemotherapy, and transar...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Tsochatzis EA,Germani G,Burroughs AK

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current resurgence in the use of nomograms as diagnostic and prognostic tools has legitimate roots in their effectiveness in facilitating communication between the doctor and patient. By returning to a more classical approach to nomography, graphical insights can further enlighten the patient beyond what can be ac...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Kattan MW,Marasco J

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling occurs in a wide variety of human tumors and can lead to increased susceptibility to mTOR inhibitors. Temsirolimus, a novel analog of rapamycin, has shown promising preclinical and early clinical anti-tumor activity in various solid and hematologic tumor typ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Dancey JE,Curiel R,Purvis J

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From 1975 to the mid 1990s, the incidence of cancer in the oral cavity and pharynx (OC/P) declined substantively, in large part because of successful educational and medical campaigns to reduce cigarette smoking and tobacco chewing. Recent data, however, suggest that the incidence trend in young adults has reversed. T...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Bleyer A

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GISTs) are the most common connective tissue malignancies of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, with an incidence on the order of 10-13 per million people per year. Primary therapy is usually surgical, but the recurrence rate of large, so-called high-risk tumors, with a high mitotic rate,...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Reichardt P,Hogendoorn PC,Tamborini E,Loda M,Gronchi A,Poveda A,Schöffski P

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 5-year survival rates are approaching 90% in children and 50% in adults who are receiving contemporary risk-directed treatment protocols. Current efforts focus not only on further improving cure rate but also on patient quality of life. Hence, all protocols decrease or limit the use ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Pui CH,Thiel E

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The outcomes in young adults aged 20-39 with sarcoma tend to be inferior compared to those in children and adolescents. There are differences in sarcoma histotype distribution with age, such that pediatric-type tumors predominate in the 20- to 25-year-old group while more adult-type sarcomas occur in those aged 35-39 ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Soliman H,Ferrari A,Thomas D

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in women and the third most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. While primary and secondary preventions exist, the lack of widespread adoption leaves the treatment of cervical cancer an important oncologic problem. In this article, the management of early an...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Barbera L,Thomas G

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment for patients with unknown primary carcinoma, particularly those with unfavorable prognosis factors, has changed in the last decade, and continues to evolve. Empiric chemotherapy trials reported since 2000 with the newer drugs have improved the overall survival compared to retrospective historical data an...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Greco FA,Pavlidis N

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy in the elderly. Randomized trials have demonstrated that adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy for CRC improves survival and quality of life. Unfortunately, there is a lack of evidence-based data about elderly patients to guide decisions regarding therapy. Clinical trials ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Raftery L,Sanoff HK,Goldberg R

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The supplanting of radical mastectomy by simple mastectomy and then by lumpectomy plus radiation, the use of adjuvant therapy to alter the natural course of breast and colorectal cancer, the use of tamoxifen for the prevention of breast cancer, and the dramatic improvement in survival demonstrated with the use of the ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Wickerham DL,O'Connell MJ,Costantino JP,Cronin WM,Paik S,Geyer CE Jr,Ganz PA,Petrelli N,Mamounas EP,Julian TB,Wolmark N

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00